鉆孔(kong)(kong)在鋼結(jie)構加工中占有一定比重(zhong)，鋼構件使用的(de)(de)高(gao)強度螺(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)（大六角頭(tou)螺(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)、扭剪型螺(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)等）、半圓頭(tou)鉚(liu)釘自攻(gong)螺(luo)絲等用孔(kong)(kong)的(de)(de)制作(zuo)方(fang)法有：鉆孔(kong)(kong)、銑(xian)孔(kong)(kong)、沖孔(kong)(kong)、鉸孔(kong)(kong)或(huo)锪孔(kong)(kong)等，應根據(ju)技術要求合(he)理選擇加工的(de)(de)方(fang)法，制孔(kong)(kong)工藝分為零件制孔(kong)(kong)和成品制孔(kong)(kong)兩種。

　　一、螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)分為(wei)精制螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)（A、B級螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)）和普通螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)（C級螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)）。精制螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)直徑與孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑等，其孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)的精度(du)與孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)壁表面(mian)粗(cu)糙(cao)度(du)要求(qiu)較高(gao)，一般鉆小孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)，板疊(die)組(zu)裝(zhuang)后鉸(jiao)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)才能達到質量標準，普通螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)包括高(gao)強度(du)螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、普通螺(luo)(luo)栓(shuan)(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)、半圓頭(tou)鉚釘(ding)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)等，孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑必須符合設計要求(qiu)。

　　二、主要(yao)構(gou)件(jian)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)和(he)直接(jie)(jie)(jie)承(cheng)受(shou)動力荷載重復作用且需要(yao)進行(xing)疲勞計算的構(gou)件(jian)，其連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)高強度(du)螺栓孔(kong)應采用鉆(zhan)孔(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型。次(ci)要(yao)構(gou)件(jian)連(lian)接(jie)(jie)(jie)且板厚小于(yu)(yu)或等于(yu)(yu)12㎜時可采用沖孔(kong)成(cheng)(cheng)型，孔(kong)邊應無飛邊、毛刺。

　　三、鋼結構(gou)加工時(shi)高強度螺栓(shuan)連(lian)接(jie)構(gou)件的(de)栓(shuan)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)徑(jing)應(ying)符合設計要求，高強度螺栓(shuan)連(lian)接(jie)構(gou)件制孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)允許偏(pian)(pian)差。當設計無要求時(shi)，成孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)后(hou)任意兩(liang)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)間(jian)距離的(de)允許偏(pian)(pian)差，應(ying)符合GB50205---2001的(de)規定(ding)。增加大圓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和槽孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)兩(liang)種(zhong)孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)型，并規定(ding)大圓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和槽孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)僅限于蓋(gai)板或芯(xin)板之一(yi)，兩(liang)者不能同(tong)時(shi)采用大圓孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)和槽孔(kong)(kong)(kong)(kong)。